Background of the Study
River pollution poses a serious threat to aquatic ecosystems and the livelihoods of communities dependent on fishing. In Andoni Local Government Area, Rivers State, increasing industrial discharges, domestic waste, and agricultural runoff have significantly deteriorated river water quality (Ifeanyi, 2023). This pollution has led to a decline in fish populations and biodiversity, thereby affecting the economic stability of local fishing communities (Chinonso, 2024). The degradation of river ecosystems not only disrupts the food chain but also poses severe health risks to those consuming contaminated fish. Over the years, there has been growing concern over the sustainability of fishing livelihoods due to persistent water pollution. This study examines the extent to which river pollution has impacted fishing activities, assessing both the environmental consequences and socio-economic implications. Through a combination of water quality analysis and interviews with local fishers, the research aims to quantify the adverse effects and identify potential remediation strategies (Ifeanyi, 2023).
Statement of the Problem
River pollution in Andoni has resulted in declining fish stocks and deteriorating water quality, thereby jeopardizing the livelihoods of local fishing communities. The influx of pollutants from various sources has disrupted aquatic ecosystems and contributed to economic instability among fishers (Chinonso, 2024). This study seeks to investigate the specific impacts of river pollution on fishing livelihoods and to determine the key factors contributing to environmental degradation, highlighting the urgent need for sustainable interventions (Ifeanyi, 2023).
Objectives of the Study:
To evaluate the extent of river pollution in Andoni.
To assess its impact on fish populations and fishing livelihoods.
To recommend sustainable interventions for river restoration.
Research Questions:
What is the level of pollution in Andoni’s river systems?
How does river pollution affect fish populations and local livelihoods?
What measures can restore river health and support fishing communities?
Research Hypotheses:
H1: River pollution significantly reduces fish populations.
H2: Pollution adversely affects the economic well-being of fishing communities.
H3: Effective river restoration programs improve fishing livelihoods.
Significance of the Study
This study is significant as it quantifies the impact of river pollution on fishing livelihoods, providing evidence for necessary environmental and economic interventions. The findings will aid in designing sustainable restoration programs and support policies to revitalize the fishing industry in Andoni (Ifeanyi, 2023; Chinonso, 2024).
Scope and Limitations of the Study:
Limited to the impact of river pollution on fishing livelihoods in Andoni Local Government Area, Rivers State. The study does not extend to other riverine activities or regions.
Definitions of Terms:
River Pollution: The contamination of river water by industrial, domestic, or agricultural wastes.
Fishing Livelihoods: The means of earning income through fishing and related activities.
Aquatic Ecosystems: The complex communities of organisms living in water environments.
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